The Differences Between The Vermont And U.s. Constitutions

Final Reflection Paper Emily Ballou Over the course of this class, we have read, investigated, discussed, and learned the similarities and differences between the Vermont and U.S. Constitutions. Although quite similar in diction and viewpoints, there are tiny discrepancies between the two, more often than not being one single word or phrase. These small points may seem insignificant, but in actuality, they make things much more complex. I believe that if more citizens were educated about these differences and how the government and police sometimes use their naivety against them, or at least a little more aware overall, then we as a whole would not make so many hasty generalizations and be able to effectively be outstanding citizens. I care about this because of our ever evolving world. In a time of many misunderstandings, people need to know what is happening and what it all means to the world and to themselves individually. I have also learned more about the topic of freedom when concerning speech and privacy rights. Free speech is not just talking, but anything that can communicate an idea or something. This resounded with me because I did not know that dancing or another form of art could be lawfully or unlawfully accused of being unconstitutional. In the first week of class, not only did I learn many interesting things about my classmates, but I also learned about the strange age of candidacy laws. They were basically random ages that were chosen by the delegates atShow MoreRelatedEssay on Recognizing Same-Sex Marriage1565 Words   |  7 PagesRecognizing Same-Sex Marriage Same-sex marriage is a huge controversy between Americans across the Country. In thirty-three states marriage is defined as a â€Å"union between a man and a woman†. 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Communication in Your Career - 1924 Words

Communication in your Career Field Report Patrick R. Kennedy Baker College Table of Contents Executive Summary Introduction Findings Conclusion References p. 3 p. 4 p. 4 p. 8 p.10 Executive Summary Effective communication is paramount for success in the field of Supply Chain Management. Continual communication between employees, managers, buyers, and customers is necessary to ensure processes and procedures are being followed. Proper, effective communication is the foundation for a strong and successful supply chain which increases the company revenue. There are a number of methods for communicating which include, but are not limited to; email, telephone, text messaging, face-to-face meetings, and virtual meetings.†¦show more content†¦As a manager, the better you can communicate to your employees, the more efficient your workforce becomes. Findings In the field of supply chain management, email communication is vital because you are communicating with multiple departments throughout the business along with your vendors. Therefore, email is the most common form of communication in the workplace. During an interview with Keith Collins, Senior Vice President of Retail Operations at Boyne Resorts, he stated that â€Å"The first thing I do when I get into the office is check my email. I find myself emailing at least 80% of the day† (K. Collins, personal interview, October 15, 2015). When asked who he emails throughout the week and the purpose of the communication, he explained that he emails store managers, resort general operation managers, and accounts payable for a variety of reasons. As Senior Vice President of Retail Operations, he is assigned the task of keeping all retail stores on track so he is communicating via email with the twelve retail locations weekly. Given that email communication is most commonly used, under standing the proper usage, tone, and format for different situations is paramount when communicating digitally. When composing emails, it is important to be able to get your point across effectively and for it to be in the proper format. In order to do so, you must compose a clear and concise message. Guffey and Lowey (2015) suggest, â€Å"Applying the KISS formula (Keep It Short andShow MoreRelatedshc 31 1.2 Essay1431 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Sch 31: Promote communication in health, social care or children’s and young people’s settings. 1.2 Explain how communication affects relationships in the work setting. Communication plays a massive part once building a relationship in the work setting. By regularly keeping effective communication between practioners, parents/careers and children makes a positive working environment. 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Road to Hell Free Essays

Road to Hell 1. The Summary. The case â€Å"Road to Hell† by Gareth Evans is a story of two characters with different backgrounds, personalities and points of view and how these two characters interact. We will write a custom essay sample on Road to Hell or any similar topic only for you Order Now John Baker is a successful western chief engineer of the Barracania’s branch of a multinational company who was promoted to production manager of Keso Mining Corporation near Winnipeg. That’s why he had to assign his successor. Baker has been working to prepare Matt Rennalls to be his successor in the chief engineer’s position. Rennalls, on the other hand, is a young engineer who represents the new generation of patriotic, well-educated Barracania’s professionals. The last meeting between two characters ended up badly. Instead of accepting the chief engineer position, Matt turns in his resignation, insulted by John’s interview. 2. The Problem. This case is the example of how people from different cultures do not take diversity into consideration. They evaluate and measure each other by their own scales and perceptions, which often lead to serious misunderstanding and conflicts. Misunderstanding causes worse work productivity. 3. The Cast of Characters. John Baker is a successful western chief engineer of the Barracania’s branch of a multinational company. In the case it is mentioned that  John  Baker is an English expatriate, so we assume that he is white, possibly born in Canada. Baker thinks he has an edge in working in a foreign country because he has experience in understanding a regional staff’s psychology and knowing exactly how to get along with locals. Matthew Rennalls is a young engineer who represents the new generation of patriotic, well-educated Barracania’s professionals. His four years as a student at London University made him especially sensitive to political, racial and equality issues involving relations between his culture and western influence. 4. The Chronology. Matthew Rennals writes an angry latter with proposal of his resignation. * John Baker and Matthew Rennals have the interview. * John Baker consider the appointment Matthew Rennals as his successor * John Baker is promoted to production manager of Keso Mining Corporation near Winnipeg * John Baker works as chief engineer of the Caribbean Bauxite Company of Barracam’a in the West Indies 5. The Issues. The main barrier to the problem solving is misunderstanding be tween people with different nationalities and cultures. Baker knew a lot about Matt’s  political views, racial issues sensitivity and intolerance to any discrimination of value of his country and people in the world arena. However, he still made a mistake building his interview from his own perspective. Baker  gave some historical and personal suggestions that were not meant to be offensive. However,  from Matt’s point of view, the suggestions were totally inappropriate. Through the interview, Baker emphasized several times the importance and leading position of European staff in the company. How to cite Road to Hell, Essay examples

Great (2054 words) Essay Example For Students

Great (2054 words) Essay GreatGatsby ThemesIn The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, many themes are enclosed; the mostsalient of these themes is related to the American Dream. The American Dream isbased on the idea that any person, no matter what they are, can becomesuccessful in life by his or her hard work. The dream also embodies the idea ofa self-sufficient person, an entrepreneur making it successful for themselves. The Great Gatsby is about what happened to the American Dream during the 1920s,an era when the dream had been corrupted by the relentless pursuit of wealth. Inthis novel, the pursuit of the American Dream and the pursuit of a romanticdream are the ultimate causes of the downfall of the books title character,Jay Gatsby. Throughout the story, Jay Gatsby avoids telling the truth of hishard, unglamorous childhood. He does this to keep his superficial image ofhimself and to save himself from the embarrassment of being in a state ofpoverty during his youth. His parents were lazy and unsuccessful people whoworked on the farm, and because of this Gatsby never really accepted them as hisparents. Jay Gatsbys real name is James Gatz and he is from the veryunexciting North Dakota. He changed his name to Jay Gatsby when he was seventeenyears old, which was the beginning of his version of the American Dream. In allrealities Gatsby arose from his Platonic view of himself, the idealisticself-view th at a seventeen year old boy has of himself (Fitzgerald 104). Thoughconcealed for most of the story, Gatsbys embarrassing childhood is a majorsource of determination in his attempt to achieve the American Dream. DuringGatsbys early adulthood, he joined the army. He first met Daisy when he wasat Camp Taylor and he and some other officers stopped by her house. He initiallyloved Daisy because of her extraordinary house and because many other men hadbeen with her already. One evening in October, during 1917, Gatsby fell in lovewith Daisy Fay, and in turn she fell in love with Gatsby. Daisy was the first?nice girl that he had ever known (Fitzgerald 155). Their love was anuneasy one at first for Gatsby to comprehend because he wasnt rich by anystandards and he felt that he wasnt worthy of Daisys affection, but hisuneasiness was uplifted when he and Daisy fell in love and when he found outthat Daisy knew a lot because he knew a variety of things that she didnt. Their month of love was physically ended when Gatsby had to go to war, but theiremotional love never ended. As Gatsby performed brilliantly throughout the war,they wrote each other frequently. Daisy couldnt understand why Gatsbycouldnt come home. She wanted her love to be their with her, she needed someassurance that she was doing the right thing. It didnt take long for Daisy toget over Jay because in the Spring of 1918 she fell in love with a rich, formerAll-American college football player named Tom Buchanon. This broke JayGatsbys heart. His love for Daisy was a strong one and he was determined toget her back. This first love with Daisy had a great impact on his idea of oneof the aspects of achieving the American Dream. Throughout the novel, the readeris mislead about how Gatsby became wealthy. Gatsby claims on several differentoccasions that he inherited his parents immense fortune. This is a story thatGatsby made up in order to keep his self-image up by not letting people knowabo ut his childhood. The truth is that Gatsby got rich by illegal measures. Hewas friends with the notorious Meyer Wolfsheim. Meyer Wolfsheim was theracketeer who supposedly fixed the World Series of 1919. He was Gatsbysconnection to organized crime, in which Gatsby became rich. Gatsbys truesources to richness were selling bootleg liquor in his chain of drug stores andcreating a giant business to get rid of and sell stolen Liberty bonds (Mizener188). Gatsbys methods of gaining wealth corrupt the morality of the AmericanDream although they help him to achieve it. It did not take long for Gatsby toattempt to win Daisy back after he returned from the army. Jay Gatsby had thisromantic view of Daisy and himself together and happy forever. He felt the bestway to achieve this idea would be for him to become at least as rich asDaisys husband Tom Buchanon. He knows that the best ways for him to pryDaisys affection away from Tom are gaining wealth and gaining materialpossessions. Daisy is a shal low woman who is easily overwhelmed by materialitems. Gatsbys main way to show off his wealth and material possessions wereto throw lavish parties. His parties featured the finest drinks and live jazzbands. The parties were so huge that Nick Carraway, Gatsbys best friend andthe narrator of the book, alluded to them as the Worlds Fair. Not only didthe parties fulfill Gatsbys reasons for having them, but they also showed hisgrand sense of pride that stemmed from his richness. Gatsby and Daisy arefinally reunited by Nick at Gatsbys request. This is Gatsbys second chancefor him to show off his wealth and to win Daisy back. Gatsby uses this meetingto show Daisy what he has become through his possessions (Way 103). Daisy isamazed when she experiences the extravagance of Gatsbys house. When Gatsbythrows his imported shirts all around the room, she begins to cry because sherealizes that she has missed out on so much of Gatsbys life. It is at thismoment, when the dream that he has strived fo r is right in front of him, that herealizes that Daisy isnt as perfect as he imagined her to be. This is clearlyevident to Nick who thinks that: There must have been moments even thatafternoon when Daisy fell short of his dream- nor through her own fault, butbecause of the colossal vitality of his illusion. It had gone beyond her, beyondeverything. (Fitzgerald Chapter 5) This is the first point in the novel whichshows that Gatsbys dream can never be fully achieved, yet it is also hisdream being achieved because he is finally back with Daisy again even though sheis still with Tom. The beginning of the downfall of Gatsbys dream occurs whenTom suspects that Daisy is cheating on him with Gatsby. His hypothesis is provencorrect when he, Gatsby, Daisy, Nick, and Jordan Baker, are at a hotel in NewYork holding a conversation which breaks out into an argument. It is during thisargument that Tom finds out that Jay Gatsby and Daisy have been in love for fiveyears and that they have never stop ped loving each other. As Tom and Gatsbyargue it becomes evident that Daisy does not know which man she wants to be withbecause she is in love with both of them because both of them are rich. AllGatsby wanted was for Daisy to tell Tom that she never loved him, but she couldnot do that. She knew that it would be a lie if she said that so she simply saidto Gatsby, I did love him once- but I loved you too. This statement opensthe well into which Gatsbys dream will eventually fall because it shows thatDaisy is not Gatsbys woman alone Tom begins the undermining of Gatsbysidealist concept of himself by making Gatsby realize that he isnt what he hasmade himself out to be. He makes Gatsby see that he does not appear to people inthe way that he thinks of himself. Tom describes Gatsby as a bootlegger,cheap swindler, and a crook. These few comments shattered Gatsbysself-identity because of its fragileness (Way 99). Tom washed all of theeffort and determination that Gatsby had put into becoming what he was andearning what he received, even though his methods were illegal, with a fewminutes worth of speaking. After the argument, Gatsby can feel a minor sense ofvictory because Daisy refuses to speak to Tom and when they are leaving, Daisyleaves with him. On the way back to the suburbs, Gatsby allows Daisy to drivehis car. While driving, Daisy hits and kills Myrtle Wilson, the lady Tom ishaving an affair with. Gatsby and Daisy keep on driving and they act likenothing ever happened. Later that evening, Nick learned from Gatsby that Daisyhad been driving when Myrtle was killed in the hit-and-run accident. Gatsbyslove for Daisy causes him to be willing to take the blame if the blame if thedeath was traced back to his car. If Daisys love for Gatsby was based on truelove, instead of wealth and material items, then she would have stepped up andconfessed to her crime especially since she was riding in Gatsbys car and itcould easily be assumed that he was the killer. Daisy was not c oncerned with thewell- being of Gatsby and this is shown when she is back at home conversing withher husband, over cold chicken and ale, instead of worrying about what mighthappen to Gatsby. Gatsby, on the other hand, worries that whole night aboutDaisy. He worries that Tom might beat on Daisy when he gets home. These thingsnever happen but it is the fact that Gatsby was concerned about her well- beingand Daisy was not concerned with Gatsbys well- being that is important. Sheis just a shallow person who does not know the meaning of the word love. She iscaught up in the times and in living the moraless and careless lifestyle thatshe leads. She could care less about what happens to anyone except for herself. .u4f5ab5e023c196984c8b570c61544b1a , .u4f5ab5e023c196984c8b570c61544b1a .postImageUrl , .u4f5ab5e023c196984c8b570c61544b1a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4f5ab5e023c196984c8b570c61544b1a , .u4f5ab5e023c196984c8b570c61544b1a:hover , .u4f5ab5e023c196984c8b570c61544b1a:visited , .u4f5ab5e023c196984c8b570c61544b1a:active { border:0!important; } .u4f5ab5e023c196984c8b570c61544b1a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4f5ab5e023c196984c8b570c61544b1a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4f5ab5e023c196984c8b570c61544b1a:active , .u4f5ab5e023c196984c8b570c61544b1a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4f5ab5e023c196984c8b570c61544b1a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4f5ab5e023c196984c8b570c61544b1a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4f5ab5e023c196984c8b570c61544b1a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4f5ab5e023c196984c8b570c61544b1a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4f5ab5e023c196984c8b570c61544b1a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4f5ab5e023c196984c8b570c61544b1a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4f5ab5e023c196984c8b570c61544b1a .u4f5ab5e023c196984c8b570c61544b1a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4f5ab5e023c196984c8b570c61544b1a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Techtonics EssayThis whole situation proves that she is definitely not deserving of the highpedestal that Gatsby has placed her on (Internet 1). This is the greatest blowto his romantic dream of him and Daisy being together forever because shechooses Tom over Gatsby in a time of crisis. It shows that the man that shetruly wants to be with the most is the man she is living with now. Gatsbyrealizes this and his life begins to be pointless. This is his dream brought toreality. The dream is completely dissipated and will knows it will never beachieved. It did not take long for George Wilson, Myrtles husband, to tracethe yellow car which killed his wife back to Jay Gatsby. Beca use George Wilsonwants revenge for his wifes death, and he believes it is Gatsby who killedhis wife, he goes to Gatsbys estate and kills Gatsby and then himself. Thisis the tragic end of Gatsbys life. All of his heroism, his rapid rise to thetop, all brought to a calamitous end because Daisy did not love him as much ashe loved her. Although Gatsbys romantic dream was already dead, his versionof the American Dream was still alive and beaming. He still had everything goingfor him; his youth, money, and personality. Gatsby is morally superior to hisfellow East Eggers and Nick acknowledges this when he tells Gatsby, Youreworth the whole damn bunch put together. (Fitzgerald 162). To have it alltaken away for something he had not even done was the greatest misfortune of theentire novel. Gatsbys death is made even more saddening at his funeral. Nicktried to make Gatsbys funeral respectable but only he, Gatsbys father, andone of Gatsbys acquaintances attended the funeral. None of Gatsbysrac keteering friends came, nor did the love of his life, Daisy. Nick trulycared about Jay Gatsby although nobody else did. He exemplified what a truefriend is and did what only a friend would do for another friend. Daisy did notseem to feel a tiny bit of sadness over Gatsbys death. This is shown in hernot attending his funeral and instead going away with Tom on a vacation. Inthe end, the most that can be said is that The Great Gatsby is a dramaticaffirmation in fictional terms of the American spirit in the midst of anAmerican world that denies the soul (Bewley 46). Gatsbys strong desire forwealth and Daisy, the American and romantic dream respectively, prove to be thegreatest reasons for his grave downfall at the hands of a ruthlesssociety. BibliographyBewley, Marius. Scott Fitzgerald and the Collapse of the AmericanDream. Modern Critical Views: F. Scott Fitzgerald. Ed. Harold Bloom. NewYork: Chelsea House Publishers, 1985: 32-45. Mizener, Arthur. F. ScottFitzgerald: The Great Gatsby. The American Novel: From James Fenimore Cooperto William Faulkner. Ed. Wallace Stegner. New York: Basic Books, Inc.,Publishers, 1965: 180-191. Scott Fitzgerald, Frances. The Great Gatsby. NewYork: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1925. The Great Gatsby by F. ScottFitzgerald. Online: School Papers, Microsoft Network, November 19,1997. Way,Brian. The Great Gatsby. Modern Critical Interpretations. Ed. HaroldBloom. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1986: 87-105.

Literature - A Mirror Of Society Essays (1277 words) - Romanticism

Literature - a Mirror of Society The literature of a country is affected and influenced by how the people of that country live. This paper will prove that The French Revolution greatly influenced 19th Century French Romanticism. First, the cultural values of the revolution will be identified. Then, the different aspects of Romanticism will be presented. The cultural values of The French Revolution and Romanticism will then be linked. Finally, literary examples will be shown to support this connection between the two movements. Before the Revolution, the citizens of France lived in a strict, confined society with no freedom to express their feelings. Government had imposed strong, unfair laws on the common people (Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia ?French Revolution?). They wanted a voice in a stable government with a strong economy (Johnson 105) and a strong sense of individuality and independence within the people. (Moss and Wilson 180) Eighteenth- century literature was much like the society in which it was produced, restrained. Society was divided into privileged and unprivileged classes, (Leinward 452) with Eighteenth- century writers focusing on the lives of the upper class. (Thompson 857) These writers followed ?formal rules?(Thorlby 282), and based their works on scientific observations and logic (Thompson 895). The Revolution gave the common people and writers more freedom to express feelings and stimulated them to use reason. According to Thompson, The Revolution ?had a major impact on Nineteenth- Century European Life.? (895) It sent a strong wave of emotion and revival throughout France (Peyre 59). This lead to new laws and standards for the citizens, including newer, less imposing literary standards. Romanticism marked a profound change in both literature and thought. Romanticism, according to Webster's Dictionary, is defined as ?a literary movement (as in early 19th century Europe) marked especially by an emphasis on the imagination and emotions and by the use of autobiographical material.? Although this may be true, there is no single commonly accepted definition of Romanticism, but it has some features upon which there is general agreement. First, it emphasized upon human reason, feeling, emotion, and expression (Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia, ?Romanticism?) while emphasizing the love of nature, beauty, and liberty. (Leinward 528-529) Thompson defines Romanticism as ? a major literary and cultural movement? that was inspired by the imaginations, inner feelings, and emotions of the Romantics. (895) If one term can be used to describe the forces that have shaped the modern world, it is Romanticism. (Peyre, 2) Romanticism has had such a profound effect on the world since the late 18th century that one author has called it ?the profoundest cultural transformation in human history since the invention of the city.? (Compton's Encyclopedia, ?Romanticism?) Harvey and Heseltine state that ?The outstanding characteristic of 18th-century French literature had been attached to reason.... About the turn of the century.... literature became a matter of senses and emotions.? (633) They also say that the movement of Romanticism ?gave practical expression to the new spirit...? because it recognized that the bounds on literature were ?too rigid?. (634) There are many direct relations how the French Revolution influenced the French Romanticism that followed it in the Nineteenth- century. The French Revolution had a major impact on the timeline and progression of Romanticism. Vinaver states that ?Neither a revolt or a reaction, Romanticism was a revolutionary fulfillment... And this in turn explains why the European event known as the French Revolution is at once the climax [of Romanticism]...It's [French Revolution} date, 1789, conveniently divides the Pre- Romanticism [era] from the full flowering of the new culture.? (6) Romanticism starts in about 1774, but does not take off until the last decade of the 18th- century, the same time as the Revolution. The French Revolution provided for many of the problems and basis for many Romantic literary works. First of all, the political change brought by the Revolution, along with the intellectual reverberations brought upon Romanticism. (Harvey and Heseltine 634) Also, Thompson states that ? [Romanticism was] shaped by the ideals of the French Revolution.? (895) Finally, Vinaver declares that the Revolution served as ?a great source of the problems and tendencies of Romantic proper.? (6) The Revolution also inspired many writers to write romantically. Peyre points this out when

William Shakespeares Hamlet A Review Essay

William Shakespeares Hamlet A Review Essay William Shakespeares Hamlet: A Review Essay Rich Martinez Period 6th 01-18-13 Act 3 Scene 1 Hamlet’s Soliloquy (Kenneth Branagh) *what is a Soliloquy? -An act of speaking one’s thoughts aloud when by oneself of regardless of any hearers, especially by a character in a play. Hamlet’s soliloquy in Act 3, Scene 1 is one of the most momentous instances in the play. Kenneth Branagh’s interpretation of Hamlet’s words brings to life the deeper meaning of this famous passage. By making specific decisions in his movements and tone, Branagh facilitates the understanding of Shakespeare’s writing. The passage begins with the infamous lines, â€Å"to be, or not to be, that is the question;† (55). Hamlet is trying to decide weather it would be easier to kill himself or live his life. As he does so, he is looking at himself in a mirror and speaks almost in a constant tone. The fact that Branagh is speaking in front of a mirror reveals that perhaps Hamlet is so insecure with himself that he needs the comfort of his own image to encourage him to take action. But Branagh’s decision to deliver this line in monotone suggests that Hamlet does not care about his life. However, this it contradicted when he asks himself if it would be better to just â€Å"suffer† (56) from all of his problems or â€Å"to take arm against a sea of troubles, And by opposing, end them† (58-59). Branagh shows that Hamlet does indeed care but his life, but his madness will not allow him to think lucidly. At the moment when he delivers this line, Branagh bends his elbow and makes a f ist with his right hand, and then takes a step forward. His actions suggest that he will actually take action and stop his suffering. The fist evokes a sense of violence, which may imply that Hamlet will use violence to deal with his problems. The fact that Branagh takes a step forward after he makes a fist is another sign of Hamlet’s insecurity. It shows that he will act violently before thinking about his actions, which might lead him to even greater problems. The passage continues with Hamlet wondering if it were better to sleep or to dye. He confuses himself even more by coming to the conclusion that dying is sleeping; therefore dreams are a part of dying. Branagh shows Hamlet’s agitation by breathing heavier while delivering the line â€Å"-ay, there’s the rub, For in that sleep of death what dream may come† (64-65). Hamlet is afraid that he will not be able to get rid of his problems even after death. Also, while he is delivering the line, suspense classical music begins to play in the background, which acts as an emphasis on Hamlet’s confusion. The music evokes a sense of loneliness that has taken over Hamlet. He is unable to share his troubles with anyone causing him to drown in a sea of thought. The movement in the music symbolizes that turbulence that is happening in Hamlet’s mind. Further on, Branagh stops and says, â€Å"When he himself might his quietus make† (74). Hamlet says that it would be easy to just end one’s own life, which is correspondingly portrayed by the stop in the actor’s motion. By instantly stopping the movement of his legs, Branagh is symbolizing the easiness with which he could stop the movement of his heart. At this moment, he also takes out a sword and places it in front of

Mircosoft Share Point Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mircosoft Share Point - Essay Example Thus SharePoint is not a program but a platform for different types of programs. It a back-end system that ties all employees Personal Computers (PCs), allowing them to synchronize their effort through integrated communication system. SharePoint has tools such as adobe Photoshop, patternry, Javascript kit, Balsamiq and CrossBowser Testing that aids designers in customizing the interface as required. It has also Business Management Process (BPM) capabilities. It has functionalities such as visual indicators, the associate items and smart actions. Visual indicators such color coded status and icons are configurable and able to make dramatic impact on dashboard. Identification of important projects without sifting through a myriad of texts where isn’t immediately clear which projects are on track and falling behind is made possible by this functionality (Cooper, 2014). The associate Items functionality enables association of parent and child lists to create a many-to-one list. For instance, a parent project may be associated to multiple invoices that would be defined in a list (Junk, 2013). This is the same way data is modeled in data base. ‘Smart Actions’ provide workflow functionality connected to lists. This allows work triggers to be carried out based on laid down criteria. Using the custom functionality with interface options allows for a comprehensive tool to be built modeling anything from project tracking to training management product testing (Cooper, 2014). Besides, SharePoint has email and printing templates which allows for polished communication and reports containing the data collected by the business’ custom created tools. SharePoint User Interface (UI) enhances control hence creating effectiveness. Managers are provided with extensive set of tools by the interface to enforce procedures and record management. Besides, simple UI enhances visibility. Team members benefit by not only getting see the reasoning behind each step but also can

Week 11 Exercise Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week 11 Exercise - Coursework Example 3. Location J is the Rua Manuel Viera de Sousa, 81 in Mooca district, in Sao Paulo city. The region is the fastest growing and developing area in the city and has a population estimate of 65, 000 people. Among these people in Mooca district, two out of every three are Italians, who moved to the area in the 1900’s to offer labour to the industries in the area. Sao Paulo city has a total population of 11, 316, 149 people. The city is the most populated city in both Brazil and South America. It is a city with the most diverse ethnic groups, consisting of Whites, Asians, Blacks, Brown (mixed people) and the Amerindian people (CIA World Fact Book 1). 4. Location E shows a sparsely and less populated area within Brazil, depicting the unevenness of the population distribution in the country. The primary factors contributing to the uneven distribution of people in the area is the high rural to urban migration that has resulted to high populations in the cities and he unfavourable climatic conditions. Most people have been moving to cities to look for employment and better living standards. As a result, the rural areas have been left without people. Most rural parts of Brazil experience high temperatures that go beyond 25Â °C. This causes frequent droughts, which have attributed to the migration of people to other regions in search of better living standards (CIA World Fact Book 1). 6. The feature shown by location C is Machu Picchu. It was built by the Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui, the ninth emperor of the Inca in the 1400’s. Machu Picchu is an important tourist attraction site in Peru and among the most famous destinations in the world. It is a significant heritage site in the world and is full of cultural significance. It sits at 2, 430 meters above sea level (CIA World Fact Book 1). 8. Location H is a copper mine. Copper accounts for 33% of the country’s (Chile) exports. In 2010, Chile exported copper worth $6

Media globalization's effect on the creation of a hybrid identity and Research Paper

Media globalization's effect on the creation of a hybrid identity and the use of the Internet to project this simulated image of self - Research Paper Example erally implies the sweeping changes in demographic, cultural, and technological trends which, in their turn, turn cosmopolitanism into the distinctive feature of the routine reality. The question is in whether individuals have a chance to preserve their own uniqueness and withstand the pressure of cosmopolitanism without losing their cultural and individual identity. Second, although globalization opens new frontiers and facilitates international contacts and relationships, many cultures and individuals perceive globalization as a serious threat to their identity. Given the overall irreversibility of the globalization processes, social scientists must develop new practical frameworks, which will make globalization work for the benefit of the cultural masses. Finally, technology is fairly regarded as the principal driver of globalization in the postmodern world. Therefore, how technology impacts identities, and what globalization has to do with the rapid expansion of global media requ ires detailed analysis. This knowledge will help to prevent and reduce the scope of identity crises, which necessarily follow the intervention of the new forms of global media and technological communication with countries, cultures, and individual selves. Globalization and its Theoretical Dimensions. The current state of literature provides an insight into what globalization is, how it impacts identities, and how the rapid expansion of the global media instruments contributes to the development of the new identity thinking. Despite a wealth of literature on the topic, many questions are still without answers. Moreover, how to conceptualize globalization remains the issue of the mounting scholarly concern. Generally, globalization means â€Å"the transformation of temporal and spatial limitation, that is the shrinking of distance due to the dramatic reduction in the time needed to bridge spatial differences that has, in turn, resulted in the gradual integration of political, economic,

Criticisms Or Limitations Of HRM Strategic Hrm Commerce Essay

Criticisms Or Limitations Of HRM Strategic Hrm Commerce Essay Over the past century, the concept of Human Resources Management (HRM) has been going through some significant changes. According to Nankervis, Compton and Baird, the main focus of human resources management is the overall management of an organizations workforce in the purpose of achieving the desired objectives of the organizations in the long run (Nankervis, Compton Baird, 2008). From personnel administration management to human resources management, and then further developing to strategic human resources management, the HR functions of an organization has evolved into a more central strategic role. Nowadays, the change in IR landscape has led to a rise in the attention paid to HRM. With consumer focusing more on the service provided rather than the physical merchandised goods, the demand for a well-functioned HRM has largely increased. HRM is no longer a function performed by HR supervisors but is also seen as a competitive advantage of the organization to achieve its long-term objectives and goals. To a greater extent, this essay will define and compare HRM and SHRM, investigating the hard and soft approaches to HRM. The limitations and criticisms of various HRM models will also be covered in the later paragraph. Lastly, two external environment factors in which organizations are facing nowadays are identified with a research on how the strategic approach to HRM is contributing to their ability to respond to such changes. Human Resources Management (HRM) is defined as the policies, practices and systems established by an organization that shape employees behaviour, attitudes as well as performance towards their job (DeCieri Kramar, 2005). It focuses mainly on managing the productive use of people of the organization in order to achieve its strategic objectives and at the same time upholding a healthy employer-employee relationship to satisfy the individual employees needs (Stone, 2005:4). Before investigating the two models of Human Resources Management (HRM) and Strategic Human Resources Management (SHRM), one should take into considerations that the assumptions underpinning the HRM: the unitarist approach assuming a partnership between the employers and employees on a set of common interest with a mutual commitment to achieve the proposed objectives; and the pluralist approach in which the relationship between the two parties is assumed to have to inevitably go through a conflict of interest and th at negotiations are crucial in resolving the problem (Kane, 1996). Ever since the early 20th century, HRM is seen as merely a personnel function carrying out the day-to-day administrative business of an organization, such as the promotion of employee welfare. While HRM further evolved in the later years, HRM started to turn into a professional approach where specialists are employed to conduct the HR-related task of the organization, including recruitment, training and welfare activities (Nankervis, Compton Baird, 2008). Another perspective of HRM, the resource-based view started to gain popularity in the late 1990s, advocating HR as a valuable resource capable of contributing to the sustained competitive advantage of the organization. In other words, facilitating the development of a company-specific and unique competencies would help sustain the competitive advantage of an organization, and in this case it will be the people (Brewster, Carey, Grobler et. al., 2008). Around the sa me period of time, SHRM also came into being in which it is viewed as more of a macro perspective of the strategic approach in managing employees as a result of the integration of the early personnel management and industrial relations as well as HRM (Nankervis, Compton Baird, 2008). While going into details the definitions and development of HRM, the Harvard model is also useful in showing that HRM theories are way broader than simply a personnel function. It consists of five main factors supporting the central principle of the utilization of employees to ensure the achievement of an organizations desired goals, namely the stakeholder interest, situational factors, HRM policy choice, HR outcome and long-term consequences (Nankervis, Compton Baird, 2008). It is well accepted that dramatic changes that took place in the past decades have created new challenges for HR professionals, forcing them to evolve and enhance their role as a purpose to address these challenges (Brewster, Carey, Grobler et. al., 2008). Instead of limiting the HR department to certain administrative roles, organizations began to line them up with the business managers, in which both parties work together to create a strategic partnership. Such process is what we call the SHRM. According to DeCieri and Kramar, SHRM is known as a pattern of planned HR developments and activities intended to enable an organization to achieve its goals (DeCieri Kramar, 2005). One might find it difficult to distinguish between HRM and SHRM. Strategic Human Resources Management stresses the importance of the establishment of HR plan and strategies in order to fulfill an organizations long-term objectives. It is seen as more of a practical model that encourage organization to plain in t he long run, taking potential changes from all other aspects such as the society, economic condition, technology enhancement, industrial relations, etc. into account (Dessler, Griffiths Lloyd-Walker, 2007). Human resources is valued as a source of competitive advantage to certain organizations. Comparing to HRM, SHRM is claimed to be a model that requires more interpretations and well-rounded planning to ensure the most desirable outcomes to suit best with the organizations business plans (Dessler, Griffiths Lloyd-Walker, 2007). With the two theoretical concepts of HRM and SHRM defined and compared, we can now go into investigating another two important approaches to HRM: the hard HR and the soft HR approaches. With reference to Druker, White, Hegewisch and Mayne, the hard approach places the main focus on the strategic business objectives of an organization, treating HR as a resource in achieving its competitive advantage (Druker, White, Hegewisch Mayne, 1996). The soft approach, on the other hand, emphasizes more on the communication, consultation, counseling and support elements within the relationship between the employers and employees (Nankervis, Compton Baird, 2008). While both approaches have validity to particular industries and organizations and is argues that a hard approach must be corresponded with a soft approached to achieve the most desirable outcome (Kaye, 1999), it is said that HRM is more likely to lie towards the hard approach and thus the SHRM better matching the key principle of the s oft approach. Nowadays, in the rapidly growing society where globalization has become the most common issue for most countries, organizations are no longer able to neglect the outside force. Changes have taken place within the organization and so as the role of the HR professionals. Taking various external factors into account, very few organizations can continue with their same old HR policies and practices and therefore, new strategies are to be re-designed. In other words, a lot of adjustments in regards to an organizations HRM plans will have to be made in order to respond to such changes (Brewster, Carey, Grobler et. al., 2008). External factors facilitate the values, attitudes and behaviour of an employee at work and it can be classified into three categories: global, national and industrial (Nankervis, Compton Baird, 2008). Taking the Global Financial Crisis as an example, we will look into the impact it has on HR planning as well as how the HR professionals of an organization is evolving in for the respond to the change. The financial crisis was first triggered by the liquidity shortfall of the US banking system in 2007 and has resulted in the collapse of a number of large financial organizations (Holy See Review, 2010). It is well accepted that such huge issue is affecting almost every single organizations around the world, regardless of their size. It is obvious to organizations that increasing competitive advantages is the only choice for them to better equipped themselves so as to strength their market value and survive through the unstable fluctuating economy. Since it is mentioned in the previous p aragraphs that HR is seen as one of the competitive advantage of organizations, it is not playing a very crucial role under such circumstance. While a number of organizations might choose to be more preservative by cutting down on their staff members as a cost-reducing strategy, with the SHRM model, HR practitioners will instead be focusing more on modifying the HR strategies to address the situation. For instance, by re-designing the HR strategies as well as carrying out a work-life balance policy, the organization would be able to survive through the hard times of the crisis with its employees, eventually promoting employees productivity and loyalty to the organization and thus, reducing absenteeism and the staff turnover of the organization (Schmidt-Hebbel, 2008). Another relevant external environment factor faced by organizations recently is the demographic change of the workforce resulted from an ageing population. As a result of the declining fertility rate, a rising life expectancies as well as the increased migration level, the median age of the populations is proven to be going up very rapidly (Murray Syed, 2005). Though older employees are generally more experienced and therefore more productive than the younger ones, to a greater extent, they tend to suffer more from physical illness and disability, contributing to a higher level of absenteeism. Also, comparing to the younger employees off the organization, it is always harder for older employees to be innovative and adapt to the changing environment as soon as it takes place (Murray Syed, 2005). However, if one does accept that the older workforce are generally more loyal to the organization and that their views and experiences are valuable, diversity management is very much require d to be carried out by the HR professionals. Diversity management is defined as a process of managing peoples similarities and differences at work (DeCieri Kramar, 2005). A number of policies with respect to diversity management can be introduced in order to address the issue. For example, trainings such as computer course can be provided for older employees to help them in adapting to the new working environment. Welfare like long service leave can also be promoted to specially address the older employees of the organization. While HRM is seen as a valuable competitive advantage of organizations, some might argue that there is also a drawback associated with the concept. HRM is sometimes avoided because it is way too complex and time-consuming to organizations (Nankervis, Compton Baird, 2008). For an effective HR plan to be carried out, a large sum of money and resources are to be contributed. A fully functioned data-base system is required to store the details with respect to the employment relationship such as their positions, trainings and developments and this can be rather complicated to set up without the adequate support from HR specialists (Kane, 1996). Various conflicts of interests are certain to come along when planning and conducting the HR strategies that even the top management of an organization might find it worthless to invest in (Nankervis, Compton Baird, 2008). In conclusion, the concepts of both HRM and SHRM have been discussed. While HRM is defined as policies and systems established by an organization in the focus of an effective utilization of its people to achieve to desired objectives, SHRM is known a pattern of HR developments enabling an organization to reach its goals overtime. A number of theoretical concepts including the unitarist and pluralist approaches, the resource based view of HRM as well as the hard and soft approaches are referenced in the purpose of further explaining the concepts and distinguishing between HRM and SHRM. Two external environmental circumstances, namely the global financial crisis and the ageing workforce are identified in which an organizations strategies in addressing such changes is explored. Last but not least, the criticisms and limitations associated with HRM, such as its complexity and the costly process of setting up the HR data-base system are also taken into account so as to give a thorough und erstanding of the entire concept.

Success in Willa Cathers My Antonia :: Cather My Antonia Essays

Success in Willa Cather's My Antonia The American college dictionary defines success as 1. The favorable or prosperous termination of attempts or endeavors, 2. The gaining of wealth, possessions, or the like. This has been the general seances for the past hundred years or more. But in more modern days the prospective of success has changed slightly. It has shifted to having a good education, going to collage, getting a carrier getting married & having children. Having your own home and eventually dying and passing it all on to a child or children. Success is no longer satisfaction or personal goals. It has been supplemented by the goals society has preset for the populous that have been drilled into the minds of the young from the very beginning. To a man named Santiago in The Old Man and The Sea by: Earnest Hemingway, success was to conquer the Marlin Santiago had fought for so long. But as a cruel twist of fate his success is taken away in an instant when the prize he had fought so hard for was eaten by sharks, leaving Santiago with no spoils left to show for his hard fight. He was even so crushed by of the loss of the Marlin that he cried out to the sea "I am beaten.....hear stands a broken man" (234). Santiago still experienced success in the fashion that when he returned to port the little boy named Manolin that he had taught how to fish earlier in the novel was allowed to come back to fish with him. This was the ultimate form of success that was perceived for Santiago by Hemingway. To Jean Valjean in Les Misreables By: Victor Hugo , Valjean's success was represented in the form of going from convict to loving father of a daughter. The little girl named Cosette may not have been his true daughter, but after he had had dinner with a bishop that had seen the possibility of good in he started the transformation of his life. he met Cosettes mother and vowed to save her daughter from the place where she was being kept. The success Valjean experienced was what made hi s character the man that he was. But to Willa Cather in My

Guidance Services

GUIDANCE SERVICES IN ELEMENTARY, SECONDARY & TRETIARY LEVELThe school is expected to provide more than just teaching and instruction. A school programme includes all those activities other than instructional which are carried out to render assistance to pupils in their educational, vocational, personal development and adjustment.GUIDANCE SERVICES IN ELEMENTARYThe elementary school counsellor serves the needs of all elementary students, to help them develop, academically, socially and emotionally. The school counsellor’s role is constantly changing, reflecting the needs of the many people in our school community; children, parents, teachers, and administrators. A variety of services are provided: Guidance LessonsThe elementary guidance curriculum is child-centred and developmental – considers the characteristics and needs of each age and grade level. The curriculum encourages students to:– develop positive self-image – become more aware of the relationships between themselves and others – recognize their own needs and goals Individual Counselling ServicesElementary school counsellors meet individually with students to provide support for school-related issues. The counselling strategies vary with each student’s needs and are provided on a short-term basis as determined by the school counsellor. Students can refer themselves to the counsellor or can be referred by parents, teachers, or other school staff. Group Counselling ServicesElementary school counsellors meet with small groups of students on various topics. Topics are determined by the children’s needs and interests.ConsultationSchool counsellors, parents, and teachers work together to support children. Elementary school counsellors work with parents: – to exchange and gather information – to provide recommendations; and – to discuss parenting concernsElementary school counsellors work with teachers, administrators, and other staff: †“ to provide information, materials and referral assistance – to address student needs, especially within the Instructional Support Team (IST); and – to promote a positive learning environment.Is it time to speak with the counsellor?Parents should feel free to call the counsellor when they notice certain signs of potential problem in their child: – You see a dramatic change in your child’s behaviour. A happy child becomes withdrawn. A friendly child wants to be alone. – There’s been a change in your family. A new marriage, a severe illness, a divorce or a new baby can all effect school work. -Your child begins acting out and fails to respond to your usual methods of discipline. The behaviour that you see at home may also be occurring at school.GUIDANCE SERVICES IN SECONDARYThe Guidance Department is committed to helping students successfully navigate through high school academically, socially, and personally. This begins with the guidance counsellors visiting the middle schools to help 8th grade students make informed decisions about course selection and getting involved in school activities at the high school. This is done in conjunction with an eighth grade parent night to introduce parents to the high school. ONCE STUDENTS HAVE TRANSITIONED IN AS FRESHMEN, meet the ninth graders in groups to stress the importance of being an active participant in their high school education. It is important for students to understand early on that the decisions they make as freshmen can impact their future plans.IN THE SOPHOMORE YEAR, administer the PLAN assessment to all 10th graders and then schedule individual meetings with the students and parents to begin the discussion and planning for what comes after high school. We often refer to this meeting as â€Å"The Kick-off† to the college planning process. BY JUNIOR YEAR, students should be in full gear with their post secondary planning and help jump start this by providin g students with the tools to get started in group sessions. THE COMPREHENSIVE GUIDANCE PLAN CULMINATES IN THE SENIOR YEAR , with individual meetings with seniors and  their parents to help guide them through the post-secondary and college application process. -Donna Lyons, Director of GuidanceTHE GOALS OF THE SCHOOL COUNSELING PROGRAM ARE:†¢To help students in developing the ability to make decisions regarding personal, social, and educational matters. †¢To assist parent/guardian(s) in developing skills needed to support the student’s post-secondary enrolment and career exploration processes. †¢To support personalized assessment of the educational and career options available to each student. †¢To make appropriate referrals concerning community and school resources. †¢To assist students, parents, and others involved in addressing concerns and issues associated with the classroom and school environment. †¢To assist in the implementation of progr am accommodations granted as part of approved special education Individual Education Plans (IEP) or regular education 504 plans.Test PreparationThe Guidance Services Department at most schools offers students test preparation materials to help the students prepare for the various standardized tests they are exposed to during their middle school and high school careers.Program PlanningProgram planning is another key service offered by guidance departments. Program planning involves helping the student decide what classes he wants to take during his middle school and high school career. Program planning not only helps the student decide what electives to take and what classes are best for his academic abilities, it ensures that the classes the student is taking fulfil the high school's graduation requirements.Individual/Group CounsellingIndividual counselling and group counselling comprise counselling sessions held between a guidance counsellor and a student or group of students. Thes e sessions seek to address psychological, social and academic issues that can range from problems with school work, to bullying, to health concerns like depression. During these types of sessions, the parents of the student may be contacted and the student may be referred to an outside agency if the  problem warrants such action.College/Career PlanningThis service seeks to help students decide what they want to do after they are finished with their high school career. If the student wants to attend college after high school, the school selection and application process can be overseen or aided by the guidance counsellor. If the student wishes to enter the workforce immediately after high school, the guidance counsellor can aid the student in finding work, resume building, interview etiquette and many other employment-seeking skills.Guidance and Counselling has been defined as a profession involving an â€Å"integrated approach to the development of a well-functioning individual p rimarily by helping him /her to utilize his/her potentials to the fullest and plan his/her present and future in accordance with his/her abilities, interests and needs.†(RA 9258, Rule 1, Section 3) The PSHS-CARC Guidance Program is based on the needs of the starting campus and its budgetary limitations.Sponsored Link2014 Scholarships Scholarships for Students Undergraduate, Masters, PhD etc scholarship-positions.comGUIDANCE SERVICES IN TERTIARYInformation This refers to the intentional and purposive delivery of information to students; the primary purpose is to enable students to use said information to guide their choices and actions inside and outside of the University. Information varies and may be categorized as institutional, educational, occupational, and personal. Modes of delivery include dissemination through bulletin board, postings, flyers, brochures, orientations, meetings, and consultations.Individual InventoryThis refers to the process of accumulating and analyzi ng information about students on an individual basis through the use of an inventory form and through routine interview. Data solicited may include demographic information, academic records, psychological assessment data, and personal needs and problems. Data may be used to check for students who may need  counselling or specialized guidance services, and to inform the development and enhancement of student services.TestingConsistent with the objective of being able to assess relevant educational and psychological data from students, a testing program is designed and implemented. The testing program aims to help the students gain understanding of their needs and personality, to realize their potentials, to identify their strengths and weaknesses, and to know the implications of these. The main task of this service is the administration, scoring, and interpretation of standardized psychological tests of personality, interest, needs, aptitude, and intelligence, as well as the develo pment and use of affective scales that can be used to come up with a more complete picture of a student's traits or characteristics.CounsellingThis refers to the purposive interaction between student and counsellor, individually or in groups where the needs, problems, or difficulties of the student are shared, examined, and processed with the end goal of empowering the student to effectively manage his concerns. Areas of concern can be academic, personal, or social in nature and may focus on one's personality, emotion, attitude, values, or actual behaviour, Students can avail of counselling voluntarily (walk-in) or by referral from faculty, counsellors, parents, and other students.Personality Education Program This is a curriculum-based psycho-educational program designed to facilitate the total personality development, psychological wellness, and life adjustment of students.Career DevelopmentThis refers to the set of services specifically designed to assist students in their career planning and choices. These services can be categorized as career education (i.e. seminar on writing an effective resume); career information (i.e. job postings); and career placement (i.e. job fair).Special Guidance ServicesDevelopmental Learning SessionsThis refers to seminars or workshops facilitated by counsellors or invited resource persons on topics not covered by the information service and personality education classes. The aim of such program is to facilitate the learning experience of students on a wide variety of topics that could help them in their adjustment in school and life in general.Psychotherapeutic Intervention ProgramThis refers to programs specifically planned, designed, and implemented to meet the need of a particular group of students (i.e. athletes, single-mothers). The aim of such program is to promote psychological wellness and prevent future incidents of maladjustments or to remedy an already existing case of maladjustments among students belonging to sp ecial target groups.Research and EvaluationResearch is a guidance function where the counsellors develop and implement research plans that would generate empirical data about students and student’s life that could be used to inform policy and decision-making in the University, especially on matters relevant to student welfare and development, and to inform the direction and suitability of the various guidance services.Evaluation is a guidance function where the counsellors develop and implement assessment and evaluation plans that would provide soft and hard data on the quality, results, and impact of the various student services and programs. Evaluation data can be used as basis for enhancement of existing programs and development of new programs. Referral and ConsultationCounselling or clinical cases deemed beyond the level of expertise or resources of the faculty counsellors are referred to others to ascertain that students in such cases would be able to benefit from the b est available intervention.Follow-upThis refers to the formal and systematic monitoring of the individual progress of current students who have undergone academic advising, counselling, referral, placement, or any special intervention program. Returning students and those who are in academic probation are also monitored whenever needed. http://www.pnu.edu.ph/page/osass_guidance.php

Morgan Motor Company Essay

Morgan Motor Company (MMC) began as a family company and has remained that way over the years. Decisions were largely driven by steady demand for their luxury product. Traditionally, decision-making was premised on production quotas that kept supply slightly behind demand. While the company made a profit, it was not enough to sustain the company in the long term due increasing costs caused by inefficient methods of production. The key area for improvement was strategic planning based on detailed and accurate information. The implementation of the strategic plan would require a review of human resource management practices in order for MMC to develop into an organisation that valued continuous innovation. MMC could gain valuable information about its environment through SWOT analysis, which could be used to inform strategic planning decisions. The company survived difficult circumstances (e. g. World War II) and demonstrated its ability to diversify through the manufacture of munitions. Another key strength is the global demand for their differentiated product. Its domestic and international appeal creates an important opportunity to further expand its global customer base. However, the potential threat associated with this opportunity is uncertainty in a number of dimensions in MMC’s â€Å"general environment† (Samson & Daft, 2009). Economic and political and legal factors in other countries could potentially impact on MMC’s sales, as was the case in the late 1960s where strict emission control regulations caused their US market to collapse. In this instance, domestic demand absorbed its impact and highlighted the importance of maintaining a diverse client base that could absorb the impact of any environmental changes. A sales and marketing department that is production led is ineffective in improving revenue and achieving the aim of increased profits. Additionally, this production led sales creates an artificial view of demand for its product. Thorough research of its client attributes coupled with careful planning and stronger collaboration between the sales and marketing and production departments enables the formulation of agreed sales targets. The key benefits of setting targets are: 1. integration with production planning, which reduces the likelihood of over-investment in inventory; 2. a proactive sales and marketing department that devises strategies to improve sales; and 3. measureable targets that can be used to evaluate efficiency and effectiveness. Despite having a keen and loyal workforce, the presence of change aversion confirmed that incremental change was initially more effective than radical change which may have created an unproductive atmosphere of dissent amongst its workforce. Moreover, steady demand for their product led to complacency, which justified Peter Morgan’s caution about change. This could be interpreted as lack of vision and is reflected in the lack of innovation and under-capitalisation of MMC’s machine shop. In a study done on Toyota (UK) Ltd. , it was noted that the traditional car manufacturing base in the UK was located in the West Midlands and these were â€Å"rich in precision engineering skills† (Winfield & Kerrin, 1996, p. 50). MMC’s proximity to this manufacturing hub created opportunities for research and development by inspecting some of these manufacturers in an effort to improve their production practices and processes, specifically focussing on how technology could be used to improve efficiency. This acknowledgement of the power of technology finally came in the form of Charles’ introduction of a manufacturing resource planning computer system and use of CAD/CAM. Perhaps differences in generational attributes enabled Charles Morgan to more easily embrace technology. However, the positive outcome was product innovation such as design features to improve aerodynamics. Examination of how human resource management practices could transform MMC from an organisation where everyone defends their own corner into a team-based learning organisation was a natural progression once management accepted the need for change. In the first instance, focus should be on developing managers to help facilitate organisational change (Waldersee, 1997) and enable them to be effective role models within the company. Training solutions and interventions should target general areas such as effective teamwork and communication, motivating workers and encouraging innovation. Additionally, where there are identified skills gaps, it should also target content-specific areas e. g. contemporary sales and marketing practices would make up for the sales director’s lack of recent sales experience. Once again, Charles was led by example by enrolling in an MBA, thus demonstrating his commitment to ongoing education and development. Although collectivism has traditionally been associated with eastern cultures (Hartel, Fujimoto, Straybosch, & Fitzpatrick, 2007), motor companies like Ford and Toyota moved away from Taylorism and demonstrated the value of teamwork in vehicle manufacturing (Winfield & Kerrin, 1996). However, MMC’s reward system of individual production bonuses did not acknowledge the value of teamwork. Moreover, an unspecified dollar amount that was eroded by inefficiencies in the production process did not provide an incentive to improve production. Not only should these individual production bonuses be quantified, the company should also consider a reward system for foremen to acknowledge their efforts in encouraging individuals and teams to achieve higher production. The present day success of MMC is testament to management’s vision and commitment to continuous product and process innovation. Examination of their website confirms their ability to stay current through value adding which resulted in features in their cars such as lightness and environmental friendliness. This has enabled them to cater both for the on-road user and the racing arena, as is evident in the videos available on their website. Furthermore, offering factory tours not only gives potential customers insight into the manufacturing process, it also provides the company with the opportunity to share some of its knowledge with others. The insight gained by watching the video on MMC’s factory processes makes it evident that the MMC today is collaborative both internally and with its external stakeholders.

Ðelevision manufacturing Essays

Еelevision manufacturing Essays Еelevision manufacturing Essay Еelevision manufacturing Essay In general, as a technology moves from the early stages of laboratory development to widespread acceptance in the marketplace, the forecasting methodologies that are most appropriate move from qualitative to quantitative techniques. Since technological forecasting is employed to predict long-term technological developments, the methods used are generally qualitative (Donnelly, n. d. ). Trend Extrapolation A forecast can be generated by observing a change through time in the character of something and projecting or extrapolating that change into the future (Cornish, 1977, p.108). In making such a forecast, the focus is on the long-term trend, so short-term fluctuations are disregarded. Trend extrapolations require that the forecaster have an understanding of the factors which contributed to change in the past, and possess confidence in the notion that these factors will continue to influence developments in a similar fashion in the future (Schwarz, Svedin, Wittrock, 1982, p. 20). One commonly employed approach to trend extrapolation involves the use of growth curves (Cornish, 1977, pp. 110-111). Growth curves are loosely based upon the notion that the growth of a technology can be charted in the same way organic growth can be charted. For example, the growth in height and weight of an individual can be charted, and will commonly display a pattern which indicates a leveling off around early adulthood (Donnelly, n. d. ). As an illustration, Martino (1983) describes how this particular technique can be used in charting and forecasting the growth in, and leveling off, of the number of cable television subscribers (Donnelly, n. d. ). Regarding the accuracy of trend extrapolation as a forecasting technique, Ascher (1978) questions its objectivity and reliability (p. 183). Schnaars (1989) goes even further and admonishes forecasters to discount trend extrapolations. Schnaars notes that trends and patterns have no life of their own and are susceptible to sudden changes, and that focusing on trends alone is often a search for the will-o-the wisp (p. 152). As an example of a misuse of trend extrapolation, Schnaars notes the actions taken by American electronics firms with regard to television manufacturing. Through the 1950s and the 1960s, television sets steadily grew larger. As American firms continued to make large, cabinet-based systems, Japanese firms began to concentrate on making portable sets (Donnelly, n. d. ). Delphi Forecasting Model Delphi Analysis is used in the decision-making process, in particular in forecasting. Several experts sit together and try to compromise on something upon which they cannot agree. In fact, the Delphi procedure is designed for the systematic solicitation of expert opinion. Many things can influence Opinions in-group settings, including the dominant positions of some participants, personal magnetism, alleged expertise, and fringe opinions. The Delphi technique is a method of obtaining what could be considered an intuitive consensus of group expert opinions. The accuracy of the forecast produced is limited by the quality of opinions provided by the experts, and it should be noted that some authors (such as, Challis and Wills, 1970 and Wise, 1976) have questioned the accuracy of the opinions of specialists (Donnelly, n. d. ).

Analysis of Small Molecule Analogues of the helminth immunomodulator Dissertation

Analysis of Small Molecule Analogues of the helminth immunomodulator ES-62 for inhibitory effects on mast cell function - Dissertation Example However, particularly in countries where helminth infections are endemic, these diseases remain comparatively rare. There is increasing evidence indicating that helminth infections and inflammatory diseases share an inverse relationship. Therefore, helminths have been the focus of recent studies. William Harnett and his team discovered an immunomodulator ES-62 secreted by a parasitic worm that is known to hold a strong cure for allergic and autoimmune diseases, such as asthma and arthritis. However, there are some practical implications associated with a high level of ES-62 production that renders it unable to be used as a drug. Hence, it is hypothesized that synthesis of ES-62 derived SMAs based around its Phosphorylcholine moiety can mimic the effect of the parent molecule and have a potential to be used as a drug for clinical trials. This project investigated the effect of SMAs on mast cells by implementing the Rat Basophilic leukaemia degranulation assay in which SMA 53 and SMA S 3 were found to inhibit Fc?RI-mediated mast cell proliferation. Also, a substantial decrease was observed in IL-6 and TNF-? cytokines production. The data presented here established that some SMAs certainly have potential to induce the same effects as ES-62 and thus to be used as a therapeutic agent. Introduction Tropical parasites disease affects millions of people throughout the developing world. These infectious diseases cause long term suffering which leads to significant economical damage. For this reason, The World Health Organization has committed to fight and extirpate many of the most costly diseases (W.H.O, 1990). 1.1 Filarial nematode Filarial nematodes are thread like worms that infect up to 1/3 of the human population and cause diseases such as river blindness and elephantiasis (Harnett and Harnett, 2010). People infected by these worms appear to be comparatively asymptomatic, even when they are carrying a noticeable parasite burden (Harnett et al., 2010). According to a number of reviews, infected individuals can harbour more than one type of parasite, but major tissue habitants of humans are the filarial nematodes which usually live in the lymphatic system or the subcutaneous tissue (Harnett and Harnett, 2008a; Schmidt and Roberts, 1989). Infection with such worms is transmitted to humans by blood-sucking insects that act as an intermediate host; they do this by transferring L3 stage larvae to humans (Harnett and Harnett, 2008a). Fig. 1: This diagram illustrates the life cycle of filarial nematode and how the worm is transmitted into the human body [6]. The duration of these infections are very long as an individual worm can survive for up to 10 years, which indicates the importance of this parasitic worm in the medical field (Harnett et al., 2010; Harnett and Harnett, 2008a; W.H.O, 2000). Over the past decade it has been hypothesised that filarial nematodes may protect against autoimmune and allergic inflammations. For this reason, parasitic ne matodes have been involved in many recent studies and there is now enough evidence to prove that nematode-derived immunomodulators play a fundamental role in preventing inflammatory diseases in the human populat

INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN ORGANISATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN ORGANISATION - Essay Example Until present, information itself was not well thought-out as an imperative asset for an organization. The management course of action was thought-out a face-to-face, personal art and not a far-flung, comprehensive coordination course of action. While at the present time, it is extensively acknowledged that understanding information systems is indispensable for managers for the reason that most organizations require information systems to continue to exist and make money (Laudon & Laudon 1999, p.4). The term information system can be described technically as a collection of interconnected components that bring together, process, store, and distribute information to carry decision making and control in an organization (Laudon & Laudon 1999, p.7). In addition to facilitating decision making, coordination, and control, information systems may also facilitate managers and workers evaluate troubles, think about multifarious issues, and produce new products. Information systems include inf ormation about important people, places, and things inside the organization or in the environment surrounding it. In the above context, by information we mean data that have been fashioned into a structure that is understandable and functional to the human beings. On the other hand, data are collection of raw facts representing events occurring in organizations or the physical environment before they have been prepared and arranged into a structure that people can identify and make use of it (Laudon & Laudon 1999, p.7). In its most fundamental type, an information system is a technique that helps people bring together, store, organize, and make use of information (Norton 2001, p.455). Ultimately, the information system is the computer’s basis for being. For the reason that there are numerous types of information and it can be used in countless ways, numerous kinds of information systems have been built. For case in point, it is correct, if we

Recognition of the Teaching Profession Coursework

Recognition of the Teaching Profession - Coursework Example Certain jobs earn a lot of money even though they have greater value in society such as entertainment, athletes and many others. However, teaching jobs earn a mere fraction of that amount and yet they are the main contributors to high-quality education. Teachers are the key pillars of a sound and progressive society because they are the main source of knowledge and values to everyone pursuing a different career; hence, they should get higher pay.Teachers perform varied roles in their professional duties, thus teaching is one of the significant roles of a teacher in the learning environment. It includes planning, preparing lessons or courses, assessing students, recording, and reporting on the progression of students. A teacher is required to teach according to the education needs of their students including setting examinations and marking the work of students. Other activities include promoting the general well-being and progress of students in the class, offering guidance and couns eling to students on education or social matters, managing or coordinating, as well as, communicating effectively with the school authorities. Moreover, the value of teachers is based on the contributions that they make to learning or studies of their students. The teacher is a source of information, motivator, character builder and mentor; thus, he or she should act as a role model to the students. This is imperative because teaching is a profession that always demands additional value in order to meet the future demands of learners. Therefore, the value of teaching is that it molds the moral and ethical behaviors of students by preparing them towards a successful life in the future.

How Aztec Culture Survived Essay Example for Free

How Aztec Culture Survived Essay Aztec refers to Nahuatl speaking people from the central region of Mexico. There are other groups who are related to this community; they include the Acolhua and the Tepanic. This essay analyses the history of the Aztec people, their culture and how they survived the Spaniard conquest. The Aztecs were located in the south central region of Mexico. They lived in Mesoamerica highlands in the area of basins which are separated by dissected mountain ranges and eroded volcanic peaks. The Aztecs originated from the remote north at around the early 13th century. They were moving around the valley of Mexico in their struggle of survival. Their experiences went to the extent of Aztecs being enslaved by another tribe. They stopped their migratory pattern in 1325 when they settled on the south west of Lake Texaco. This was after they saw an eagle sitting on a pricking pear stem. To the community, this was an omen which announced the location where they should settle and make their city (Msdu. du, 2010, Par 1-4). In part of their culture, the Aztecs maintained their activities of fishing, hunting, garden techniques, and gathering. The rivers in the valley were rich in fish, shrimp, insects, tadpoles, and pasta. There were those who settled near the ocean and they ate crabs, fish, turtles, and fish. This means that water was the main source of their livelihoods. They hunted animals such a rabbits, armadillos, snakes, pumas, coyotes, and deer. In addition, they hunted the wild turkey. The community gathered crops such as cocoa, bananas, pumpkins, squash, beans, tobacco, chili, onions, green tomatoes, red tomatoes, sweet potatoes, maize, and vanilla. Later, they began warring with other tribes and they conquered them. The Aztecs allowed the tribes that they conquered to maintain their government and religion but the tribes were supposed to provide the Aztecs with textiles, food, pottery, and other items that they required (Native Web, 1995, Par 2-4). The Aztec people spoke Nahauatl Language but did not have a written language. They however had no written records. Instead, they used varieties of hieroglyphic paintings and the methods of direct representation as ways of keeping their records. The first contact of the Aztec empire with the Spanish conquest was during the reign of Ahuitzotl from 1486 to1502. The Spaniards and their allies became very dangerous to the people of Aztec. Hostilities developed, leading to the massacre of the Aztec main temple and the death of their leader, Montezuma II. On July 1, the Spaniards fled the town, leading to an episode which they referred to as The Sad Night. The Aztec society was helped by the native allies to fight the Spaniards and in August 13, the battle ended. They conquered but due to the poor leadership that prevailed, the falling of the empire was witnessed. Despite the empire’s declination, their culture still remained intact. This led to positive development of the Aztec culture because the Spaniard presence did not affect their way of life. Today, many traditional groups of Mexican Americans can trace their origin from the time of Aztec tradition. They are well known today for human sacrifices. During the special events, a slave was sacrificed to honor the gods and to regulate the human existence (Anguilar-Moreno 131). In conclusion, I found out that Nahuatl language which is the traditional language for the Aztec is being spoken by 1. 5 million people. In Mexico City, most of the buildings and streets have Nahuatl names. This means that the Aztec old days are still respected up to now.

Foreign Investment In Russia Business Essay

Foreign Investment In Russia Business Essay The case discusses about Schindler which is a company who established itself in 1874 in Switzerland and they manufactured escalators and elevators. For the first time it made a strong decision to develop a fully owned subsidiary in India with the help Mr. Silvio Napoli who will be leading it. He was a Harvard graduate, young, very analytical and had a strong strategic mindset. The case focuses on the problems faced by Mr. Napoli on starting and setting up operations and activities in India which was totally opposite to Switzerland from where he belonged. Mr. Napoli being an expatriate found it very different and difficult to adjust and acquaint him to an Indian culture. He struggled upon Indias protectionist tariff policies, considerations regarding cost and also the staff that was doubtful on his ways as Napoli wanted things carried on his way. All these were a big threaten to his entire career as he wasnt able to go in accordance with his business plan. Mr. Napoli wanted to develop a cost effective solution to make, develop and sell a completely core and standardized product in India. He was a victim to several issues, mainly cultural issues.  [1]  Mr. Napoli being of Swiss origin believes in low context  [2]  communication style where as in India it is mostly of high context and maybe its for the same reason Napoli is regarded as very talkative. Napoli believed in sticking to business plan because of his orderliness as per Swiss. But the Indian management was mostly willing to customize. Mr. Napoli wanted to mix up his orderliness and generate the task-oriented nature which is why he was often regarded as impatient, impulsive and mostly a hard driver while Indian management compared Mr. Singh as an easy going, patient and friendly person. Indians are not very good time keepers and as a result they keep most of the things towards the end and this was strictly not tolerated by Napoli. This was another reason to issues in Schindler India. Another issue that came up is that, Napoli followed the Swiss habit of total accurate precision delivery where as Indians could be represented as they promise more but actually under deliver it. Napoli failed to understand the business culture properly as he was totally shattered with the increased import duties on certain specific noncore goods including elevators. In India the term of outsourcing was new and couldnt be accepted easily, as a result many mangers in India happened to sign agreements against the strategies of the business plan. This can be better understood if we take a look with the help of Hofstedes comparison model.  [3]  The Italian and Indian culture are different from each other and it is such that Italians are much more focused on themselves as a team unlike Indian culture, when we look at the uncertainty avoidance Italians are usually a bit hesitant in coming to an unknown conclusion unlike the Indian culture. He should have more understanding of the Indian culture. Napoli has failed tremendously to execute the plan that he presented at the time of term of sales, but a plus point is that he was able to develop a high leadership team, he also added onto the companys business model certain buy-ins which was also a wise decision. So somewhere he still has a chance. Secondly, I would like to consider the family issues he was having, he didnt make a wise decision in relocating his family and had to fight several personal issues like his pregnant wife, managing her and her issues also his children injuring themselves. Its not appropriate to take in Napolis family problems into account as a reason for his poor performance, since he comes from a typical Corporate Switzerland background. Thus, the strategy should be such that, the inputs from the top level management of India has to be revised and also deep considerations regarding the cultural, technological, economical and governmental elements of India and the target market of India. When the strategy is revised the top level management of Indian subsidiary should be allowed to take and make decisions on their own on several key issues. Napoli should focus only on high end regional decision making. In order to make Schindler India profitable, it is best to properly assess Napolis team and continuously recheck the sales strategy and explore the Indian market and culture more deeply looking into the mindset of people and activities prevailing and then reinforce his ideas. It is such that standard products and service will make the business progressive and even looking at Indias very basic elevator market currently prevailing is the key aspects that will make India branch profitable. UNILEVERS BUTTER BEATER: INNOVATION FOR GLOBAL DIVERSITY CASE SUMMARY BY DEVI SUDHAKARAN This is a case that shows the problems and difficulties country managers were faced with while beginning to start central direction on Pan European/International sales, positioning and product development. It showcases the rollout of Krona which is a new spread alternative. Also showing how this was a failed strategy to maintain a cross country product viewpoints and perceptions also cultural differences and the various biases of the different country managers of Unilever. It is seen that in the case Unilever was focusing completely on a centralized management style and wanted to increase their manufacturing abilities and capabilities, developing new product, economies of scale and even the leveraging of fixed investments in the brands. Local responsiveness was their core strength even while following a centralized management model. In the new organization, the country managers were made to bother about the variety in the tastes and preferences of different countries and also their needs were considered for making a completely new product which was the total opposite to their previous culture. When we look at the strategic rationale that was undertaken for the development of European Margarine, we see that they followed a basis of cost reduction method, there was a potential in the yellow fats category but using different approaches on national basis increased the cost for the development of new products.  [4]  It was seen that the transnational image was made stronger by the development of global brands which concentrated and created EU single market. They also leveraged high global expenses on brand investments. It was extremely difficult to develop a Pan European band with the different cultural diversity across the countries. There were immense problems between the country managers as they we greatly irritated by the various international strategies that have to be coordinated between the countries and also the loss of their autonomy all this resulted in a huge barrier for communication for the county managers. The country managers had to focus on the consumption habits of consumers across Europe and it was not possible to create one single approach as the consumer preference and selection of food and its types varied widely. For instance if we take a German consumer they are bothered on natural products, the environmental considerations and even of the safety of food. But on the other hand French were deeply into the traditional style of taste and enjoyed its pleasure. They also had problems of coordinating themselves as they wasted tremendous amount of time and money as various ICs (Innovation Centers) were spending time working on the very same products. There was also intense competition between the independent local subsidiaries which had their own methods and agendas for development regarding products. Another main issue was that the top-down process of innovation much slower at producing product ideas. There wasnt any financial budgets made for international products and the local managers were given full risk. In the very much declining yellow fat category the local manager required the market share and profit. Also the local managers wanted independence as they were change resistant and had a competition among themselves The underlying result after Krona being developed was very much below the bar, Krona became a huge success in Germany where it was made and developed because it was made only on the local likes and interest, but it failed miserably in the rest of the Europe. Another result in the company was a huge conflict of cultural problems and they also had to face the comments of developing products not according to the preference of consumers interest. Thus, the strategic decision should be such that its made to cater and satisfy the local needs and tastes, doing and performing like that of Coca Cola and McDonalds in China by means of presenting and offering the same nice product and making the consumers enjoy it tremendously, also make the top managers at Unilever such that they process and transfer their vision to the middle management and take away the fear of failing strategies. It is understood that many successful organizations are not ready for changes as it natural that changes alter and hamper their normal routines. Before making any crucial decisions its a must to understand the fact that proper steps and innovations must be taken to meet the national difference of people. FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN RUSSIA CHALLENGING THE BEAR CASE SUMMARY BY DEVI SUDHAKARAN The executive team of MLC Corporation was examining if it should continue to expand and increase its production and distribution into Russia, in May 2008. There was an increase in the Russian economy and there were three reasons that contributed for the same. Firstly, the increase of natural gas exporting to Europe. Secondly, the increase in the energy price which led to the tremendous growth of the energy sector resulting in widening of the economy. Mark Olexi who was the CEO of MLC had basically three alternatives in front of him. The first being, to further expand the plant export and also to continue the exporting because of its success in the past many years. The second one being, to strengthen Russias competition position abroad by building a manufacturing and distributing center. The third option was to wait and take time for both decisions because of the prevailing uncertainties and risk factors in Russian economic and financial aspects. The worldwide recession and the massive internal economic and financial crises were getting worse and it was doubtful if the Russian economy could withstand it or avoid it. Russia is undergoing a number of problems like a change in leadership as Vladimir Putin couldnt run as President for another term; it was also a doubtful and concerning issue of how the foreign companies in Russia would be operating depending on the attitude of Prime Minister Putin and the next successor President Dmitry Medvedev. Another problem being the energy price shooting up. Along with these, Russia and the U.S relationships were being deteriorated by George W. Bushs administration. Finally, the issue with regard to British and U.S financial system following the mortgage crises in 2007. Mark Olexi had to decide which alternative to select to generate maximum results. He could decide on either of the following four decisions: First, export from US, sell in Russia  [5]   while doing this the company could incur huge costs with regard to transportation and hence its very expensive to do so, also the unclear and complicated regulations in Russia can make it difficult for the selling to take place hence the company might suffer losses, even the political situation in the country is not good enough. On a positive note, since the production process is already established MLC would benefit from 70% of income coming from Russia. Second strategy is to produce in Russia, sell in Russia-by doing this even though there is a high risk factor we could generate larger profits, while investing in Russia it is possible to concentrate on the excess demand for the moment or even try a partial investment in Russia to see the success and progress of it. MLC could also make tie ups wi th the government and enhance their relationships with the government and hence form a hybrid / joint venture. Since the oil prices would possibly rise as per the forecast in the case, the Russian government would definitely secure the currency value. The third strategy is to produce in Russia, sell elsewhere- by doing this the company would be certainly risking itself and spending time and immense money in first identifying the pros and cons of that third country to sell and studying the economic and political nature of the third country, also knowing the consumers well, even understanding the unforeseen causes or changes in the environment. The fourth strategy is to produce elsewhere (not US, Russia),sell to Russia- By doing this the company would invest in a country that is geographically close to Russia, here the company can think of investing in an emerging economy, and can save expenses to a limit as its geographically closer, even expect a somewhat same political and economic conditions as its close but will definitely mitigate the currency risk involved in investing in Russia also try to focus and then expand the client base and even keep Russia from being 80% of the revenue generator. It would be ideal for the company to produce and sell in Russia considering the points mentioned above. In the case it is seen that more than half of the revenue generated in the company is from a single client as it is definitely not a good way to continue a firm. The company could be always on the threat of losing that client. If that happens then the company would be under series losses. The company should find a way to generate revenue from more than one client and make it dispersed as possible.  [6]   Thus, from this case it teaches the various skills necessary to analyze the economic country data and even the political situation of country and use the various methods for assessing the prevailing risk factors in order to come up with a right decision. AIRASIA: FLYING LOW COST WITH HIGH HOPES CASE SUMMARY BY DEVI SUDHAKARAN This case talks about an airline company in Asia- AirAsia operating as an LCC (low cost carrier) how it came up in the market fighting between the increasing and rising flight operation costs and competition in the Asia-Pacific region . It is important to first understand what makes Asia an attractive market for LCC, its mainly because of rapidly urbanizing population who are being developed and are ready to travel and see various locations, fewer substitutes for air travel with regard to traveling long distances with low fares, low but rising incomes of the population, the deregulation taking place and even sometimes disruptive innovation  [7]   A disruptive innovation is an innovation that helps create a new market and value network, and eventually goes on to disrupt an existing market and value network (over a few years or decades), displacing an earlier technology.  [8]   Tony Fernandez who was a private entrepreneur captured AirAsia airlines from the Malaysian government when it was debt ridden in the year, December 2001. After a month, Tony Fernandez re-launched AirAsia airlines as South-East Asias first LCC (Low Cost Carrier). He was able to generate huge success and increased the profitability tremendously and even expanded its routes. What he did was, he kept immense low cost structure comparing to the competitors and offered the customers extremely low airfare of 40% -60 % less than competitors. He developed the ticketless travel thus being environment friendly and consuming less paper. AirAsia developed also had free seating arrangements. Customers were even attracted as frequent draws were conducted on board and this surprised the passengers. He also developed a tag line Now Everyone Can Fly which attracted the customers and which they considered motivating. A multilingual website was also created; this attracted leisure travelers and purchased air tickets through it which had promotions and offer for specific traveling periods. AirAsia started off with the Easy To Book, Easy To Pay Easy To Fly message and developed the telephone booking centre, sales offices, travel agents and also created tie-ups with several local banks and post offices. Mr. Fernandez conquered and became the first in many new services in t he operation and started a plan which was considered risky by other services; he extended the airline services which included many long- haul routes. AirAsia was even first to stat the booking with the help of cell phones using a simple SMS. This showed how innovative he was and even went down to the corporate bone. AirAsia was ranked as the best LCC in the Asia region in the year 2007. It encouraged many other LCCs in the Asia Pacific area to come up with such ideas and on the other hand threatened MAS Malaysian Airlines a full service operator which was a major competition at home. MAS didnt let go the competition from AirAsia and took stronger steps than AirAsia and started a sudden price war by offering to customers a zero fare for domestic travel and also for short-haul flights. They even built up a campaign Everyday Low Fare which even grabbed the attention of the customers by even immense advertisement war  [9]  and impressing potential passengers. CHABROS INTERNATIONAL GROUP: A WORLD OF WOOD CASE SUMMARY BY DEVI SUDHAKARAN This case shows how Chabros International Group a Lebanese multinational wood company confronting a huge decrease of its largest subsidiary sales after the global economic crisis in 2008. Antoine Chami who was the owner and president of Chabros International Group when reviewed the companys financial statements for the end of year 2009 saw that there was a thirty percent drop in the sales from Dubai. There was a growing lumber sales demand and Antoine Chami had invested $ 11 million to acquire and expand one of the saw mills in Serbia to meet this demand. This happened in 2007 a year before the global economic crises took place. There was high capacity for the production of lumber but with regard to selling, had low profitability. To overcome this problem Chami could either shut certain parts of the Serbia mill or boost Chabros International Groups sales to use up all the capacity available of the sawmill. If that happens, should it continue to increase sales where it was already operating like that of UAE, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Oman, Egypt or should it try to expand to a new places like Algeria, Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Syria, Tunisia. He also would have doubts on Morocco, among other places, if it is the best country to expand for this activity? Also if it is the right time to start on such an expansion process FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE MIDDLE EAST: RIYADH AND DUBAI CASE SUMMARY BY DEVI SUDHAKARAN This is a case that deals with finding out the various key drivers of investing in the Middle East especially in Riyadh and Dubai of Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates respectively by foreign rich countries like The United states of America, Japan and several European multinational and financial services and service providers. A considerable sample of foreign companies is interviewed to find out the main aspects in their decision process and what made them select the mode of operation and details about their business model. The case is in three sections, the first is about laws, regulations and requirements have changed considerably and that it has become more adapting to foreign investment in past years, this is performed with the help of several business environmental characteristic index and changes over time. The second part studies the exchange arrangements and framework for capital and financial transactions. The third section studies the various experiences of many multinational companies that have invested in the financial services sector of the Middle East.